What process involves fetching instructions from memory, decoding them, and executing them?

The process of fetching instructions from memory, decoding them, and executing them is known as the Fetch-Execute cycle. This cycle is fundamental to how a computer processes instructions.

In the Fetch phase, the CPU retrieves (fetches) the instruction from memory, typically from a location specified by the program counter. Following this, the instruction is decoded, which means the CPU interprets the instruction to understand what action needs to be carried out. Finally, the Execute phase carries out the instruction, performing the required operation, such as arithmetic calculations, data manipulation, or control tasks.

This cyclical process allows the CPU to continuously work through a sequence of instructions, which is essential for the operation of any program. Understanding the Fetch-Execute cycle is key to grasping how processors perform tasks and manage programs efficiently.