What is the part of the CPU that processes and manipulates data called?

The part of the CPU that processes and manipulates data is known as the Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU). This component is responsible for performing all arithmetic operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, as well as logical operations, which include comparisons and bitwise operations.

The ALU works by receiving mathematical and logical instructions from the control unit and executing the required calculations on the data provided. It is a crucial element in executing program instructions since it directly impacts the effectiveness and speed of the computations performed by the CPU.

In contrast, the control unit coordinates the activities of the CPU but does not perform actual data manipulation. The memory unit pertains to the storage of data and instructions, while the storage unit generally refers to external devices used for data retention, which are not part of the CPU's internal structure. Therefore, the ALU is the correct answer as it is the specific section of the CPU designated for data processing and manipulation.