What component includes timing logic and sends signals to direct machine instructions?

The component that includes timing logic and sends signals to direct machine instructions is the Control Unit. The Control Unit plays a crucial role in the functioning of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) by acting as a manager or orchestrator of the processor’s operations. It translates the instructions from the program into signals that control the other components of the computer system, determining the order in which operations are performed.

The Control Unit also regulates the timing of the various operations in the CPU, ensuring that the data flow is synchronized effectively. This is essential for the correct execution of machine instructions, as it tells the Arithmetic Logic Unit when and how to perform calculations, directs the memory unit for reading or writing data, and coordinates interactions with input/output units.

This role is distinct and critical, as other components like the Arithmetic Logic Unit primarily handle calculations and logical operations, while the Memory Unit deals with data storage and retrieval. The Input/Output Unit manages the communication between the computer and external devices but does not engage in directing the internal operations of the machine. Therefore, the Control Unit is accurately identified as the component responsible for timing logic and directing machine instructions.